There Are Strict Standard Regulations on Emission Sample for Students

Question: Discus About There Are Strict Standard Regulations On Emission? Answer: Introduction There are strict standard regulations on emission, thus because of this most new producer of vehicles have to make cars that comply with these criteria. Law does not require them to this, but they do so mainly as a marketing strategy. Volkswagen Audi group which is one of the largest producers of vehicles started to manufacture in 2009, new cars called Clean Diesel. They claimed that these new cars met all the regulations on emission in the US and EU. Thus due to this, they were awarded the green vehicle subsidies and exemptions from taxes. In 2009 their vehicle, Volkswagen Jetta Diesel, was named as the car of the year. Their tech and other similar diesel techs were the basis for the green technology. After all these, issues came up with the Volkswagen clean diesel tech which showed evidence that they did not meet the legal rules on emission when it was tested on real roads. Scientists from West Virginia University, in 2014, made data collection on the emissions while the Volkswagen was in use in the real world. They found out for one that the Jetta data provided was false and it superseded the allowed legal limit by a factor of 15 to 35. They were then served a Notice of Violation by the US EPA for this on 18 September 2015. (Kollewe, 2015)Volkswagens claim or excuse was that the vehicles and 480,000 VW and Audis with engines that have 2-litre TDI, and that were sold between the years of 2009 and 2015 had a defeat device against complying with emissions.Management Over 11 million vehicles are affected by this. The defeat device was discovered to be an engine running software that sensed when an emissions assessment was being carried out, by considerations like no steering effort, open bonnet or only a pair of wheels spinning. They may use this to pass any tests done on vehicles. Volkswagen was not the first to illegally use this defeat device it goes back to the 1970s. When they were first confronted with this, Volkswagen claimed that the problems were due to technical glitches but after they were shown evidence they admitted their wrongdoing. These lead to death, and they suffered after these were made public. The public lost faith in companies claiming to produce cars with green technology (Burki,2015) Ethical issues faced. The first ethical dilemma in this case study is whether or not the vehicle manufacturers make their cars follow the regulation standards on emissions. There are clear set legal standards and regulations on emissions that can be developed by these companies, but they are not legally compelled to do so. If they follow these rules, they will go a long way to protect the environment. On the other hand, they may just produce cars anyway they like and what suits them without considering the implications they have on the environment and surroundings (Stanwick,and Stanwick, 2017) Another ethical dilemma is the part where these car manufacturers comply with the regulations on emissions as a way of marketing their business. The world consumers right now want vehicles that are considered green and good for the environment, thus by producing these vehicles they are doing so because they will profit from the venture. On the other hand when the market demand changes and it is more profitable to have cars that do not follow the standards and regulations on emissions these companies will just switch to making them because it will benefit them (Stanwick,and Stanwick, 2017) The next one is that Volkswagen accepted the award of the vehicle of the year and said that their cars complied with the laws on emissions. Due to this the rest of the world based their definition of green, efficient cars on this model of Diesel cars by them. It was an achievement for them, but it was a lie as they knew full well that they did not meet the standards for such commendations. They used deceitful means knowingly to achieve these leaps and achievements (Johnson,2013) The Defeat Device was also used in other cases other than that of Volkswagen. It is a dilemma because it shows a trend of other players of the industry using this device to advance in their fields from as far as the 1970s and the US government was aware of these occurrences. Volkswagen just followed this example to also develop in their area of expertise. On the other hand, they used it knowing full well, it was an illegal means as it did not give an exact reflection of their car but did so anyway (Fraser,2015) Another dilemma is that when they were shown that there was evidence that their vehicles including Jetta, which was the Green car of the year in 2009, did not meet the regulations they denied that there were problems with them. They instead attributed the results of the study by scientists at West Virginia University to technical hitches which were a lie. They only admitted the wrong doing after they were shown hard evidence against them thus agreed that they used the defeat device knowingly to alter results of tests in controlled environments (Hakim and Bradsher, 2015) The next on is that they sold vehicles to their customers whowere fitted with the defeat device. These devices gave wrong results when tests were carried out on them and were said to meet all the regulations on emissions. It was a lie which gave false information to the consumers who bought these cars believing that they were buying green technology vehicles. It was not right because they did not keep their promise to produce cars that were green efficient hence letting down their consumers. On the other hand, Volkswagen may have done this to cut costs and also profit the company. The dilemma here is whether companies should do anything to profit even if it means lying to the consumer.(Holland, Mansur, Muller, and Yates, 2016.) Finally, many deaths havebeen attributed to vehicles that have the defeat device. It is a dilemma because of it a bad thing that people died because Volkswagen wanted to make profits and they should suffer as well because lives were Management. On the other hand, the company has set apart funds to compensate these troubles, but they will also suffer losses in future due to these events. The dilemma here is whether Volkswagen has paid enough for their deceit and whether the lost lives are measurable financially (Barrett, Speth, Eastham, Dedoussi, Ashok, Malina,and Keith,2015).Also, the problem is that the public has lost faith in Green cars and will find it hard to buy cars because they will not know if they truly use the green technology. Ethical Principles Some moral principles applicable to ensure that such events do not reoccur include the following; first is the principle of autonomy. It is where we have the responsibility to give respect to all individuals and their freedom and comply with the decisions they make for their lives. In this case, the vehicle manufacturers had the choice to comply with the regulations of emissions, and by lying to the people, Volkswagen suffered the consequences of their actions (Koocher, and Keith-Spiegel,2009).Another principle is of Beneficence; we are obligated to do things with the aim to do good deeds. It is applied here in the case that if Volkswagen had just done their best to be green and benefit the environment, they would have avoided the troubles. The Principle of Justice also can be applied here; when people see the need for justice to prevail they will do anything to ensure this. If Volkswagen had used this they would have admitted their wrongdoing earlier they would avoid the deaths caus ed by their mistakes (Nolen, and Putten, 2007) Conclusion In conclusion, we could have prevented this case from progressing to the extremes it reached by implementing the principles mentioned earlier. It would be a benefit to all parties if a resolution were reached. Instead because of this, if this were to reoccur in because companies will do what they have to do to make profits, this case was an ethical dilemma as a whole since all parties were right to a degree. In the case of Volkswagen, they were just following examples set by previous companies. On the other hand the Government we angered because even though they were not required legally to follow the regulations, they lied that they did and in so doing caused irreversible damages. As of now, consumers have lost faith in the vehicle manufacturing industry on the point of having green technology cars, and they will have to work hard to earn back the trust of the consumers.(Trevino and Nelson, 2010) Reference List Badiou, A., and Hallward, P., 2002. Ethics: An essay on the understanding of evil. Verso. Barrett, S.R., Speth, R.L., Eastham, S.D., Dedoussi, I.C., Ashok, A., Malina, R. and Keith, D.W., 2015. The impact of the Volkswagen emissions controls defeat device on US public health. Environmental Research Letters, 10(11), p.114005. Burki, T.K., 2015. Diesel cars and health: the Volkswagen emissions scandal.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 3(11), pp.838-839. Fraser, L., 2015. Volkswagen emissions rigging echoes similar scandals at GM, Toyota, Honda. CBC News. Hakim, D. and Bradsher, K., 2015. After Volkswagen Revelation, Auto Emissions Tests Come Under Global Scrutiny. The New York Times (Sept 24, 2015). Available at: https://www. Nytimes. com/2015/09/25/business/international/to okswagen-emissions-pollution-regulations. HTML. Holland, S.P., Mansur, E.T., Muller, N.Z. and Yates, A.J., 2016. Damages and expected deaths due to excess NO x emissions from 2009 to 2015 Volkswagen diesel vehicles. Environmental science technology, 50(3), pp.1111-1117. Johnson, C. E., 2013. Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Kollewe, J., 2015. Volkswagen emissions scandaltimeline. The Guardian, 10. Koocher, G. P., and Keith-Spiegel, P. (2009). What should I do? 38 ethical dilemmas involving confidentiality. Retrieved August7, 2010. Nolen, A. L., and Putten, J. V. (2007). Action research in education: Addressing gaps in ethical principles and practices. Educational Researcher,36(7), 401-407. Shapiro, J. P., and Stefkovich, J. A. (2016). Ethical leadership and decision making in education: Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge. Stanwick, P. and Stanwick, S., 2017. Volkswagen Emissions Scandal: The Perils of Installing Illegal Software. International Review of Management and Business Research, 6(1), p.18. Trevino, L. K., and Nelson, K. A. (2010). Managing business ethics. John Wiley Sons.